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71.
This paper discusses the compressive performance of perforated brick masonry after fire exposure. Compressive strength tests of the mortar, clay perforated brick, and perforated brick masonry specimens were performed in accordance with ISO834 fire tests of different durations. The temperature distribution of the masonry materials and specimens was simulated using the finite element software ABAQUS, with the thermal parameters of masonry materials recommended by European standard Eurocode 6 and related literature. The compressive strength reduction factors of mortar and clay perforated brick exposed to different fire durations were calculated via the layered method suggested by European standard Eurocode 1. In addition, the compressive strength reduction factors after cooldown were obtained from the experimental data of the masonry materials, and by considering further reductions in the compressive strength after cooling from high temperatures. Experimental data of the masonry specimens were compared with the numerical results obtained using the reduction factors proposed in this work. The comparison revealed an overall acceptable approximation. Thus, the method presented in this paper can be used to evaluate the residual capacity of masonry structures after fire. 相似文献
72.
73.
Fei Xu Xiangli Shi Qingzhu Zhang Wenxing Wang 《International journal of molecular sciences》2015,16(8):18714-18731
The chlorothiophenoxy radicals (CTPRs) are key intermediate species in the formation of polychlorinated dibenzothiophenes/thianthrenes (PCDT/TAs). In this work, the formation of CTPRs from the complete series reactions of 19 chlorothiophenol (CTP) congeners with H and OH radicals were investigated theoretically by using the density functional theory (DFT) method. The profiles of the potential energy surface were constructed at the MPWB1K/6-311+G(3df,2p)//MPWB1K/6-31+G(d,p) level. The rate constants were evaluated by the canonical variational transition-state (CVT) theory with the small curvature tunneling (SCT) contribution at 600–1200 K. The present study indicates that the structural parameters, thermal data, and rate constants as well as the formation potential of CTPRs from CTPs are strongly dominated by the chlorine substitution at the ortho-position of CTPs. Comparison with the study of formation of chlorophenoxy radicals (CPRs) from chlorophenols (CPs) clearly shows that the thiophenoxyl-hydrogen abstraction from CTPs by H is more efficient than the phenoxyl-hydrogen abstraction from CPs by H, whereas the thiophenoxyl-hydrogen abstraction from CTPs by OH is less impactful than the phenoxyl-hydrogen abstraction from CPs by OH. Reactions of CTPs with H can occur more readily than that of CTPs with OH, which is opposite to the reactivity comparison of CPs with H and OH. 相似文献
74.
高溜井放矿过程中会形成强大的冲击气流引起粉尘扩散,造成严重的井下环境污染,对其进行有效治理一直是井下通风除尘的工作重心,本工作利用相似实验和数值模拟相结合的方式探究溜井放矿过程中粉尘的扩散规律和分布特征。通过改变放矿质量、矿石粒径、溜井密闭程度、含水率等因素测试不同条件下气流大小和粉尘浓度分布,并利用CFD-DPM耦合方法模拟卸矿过程中的气?固两相流,研究气流和粉尘浓度时空分布特征。结果表明,最大粉尘浓度和风速随放矿质量增加而上升,随颗粒粒径和溜井密闭程度增大而降低,且含水率越大,粉尘浓度越小,风速无明显变化,在放矿过程中矿石颗粒之间碰撞占主导作用,颗粒流呈横向分布。 相似文献
75.
Shanquan Chen Sicong Wei Fei Jin Shanming Ke Xierong Zeng Lang Chen Chuanwei Huang 《Ceramics International》2018,44(12):13695-13698
From the perspectives of scientific researches and practical applications, it is desirable to explore high operating temperature ferromagnetic films. The effect of biaxial strain on magnetic properties of (110)-oriented La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films was studied. High quality La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films were grown on (110)-oriented perovskite single crystal substrates using pulsed laser deposition, varying substrate-induced misfit strains from ??2.27–0.75%. A remarkable enhancement of Curie temperature has been achieved for (110)-oriented La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films clamped with small misfit strains (i.e., grown on LAST (110)). The enhanced Curie temperature of (110)-oriented La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 films could be attributed to the misfit strain between the films and the underlying substrates and may have technological implication for applications at high temperature environments. 相似文献
76.
Rock joints infilled with sediments can strongly influence the strength of rock mass. As infilled joints often exist under unsaturated condition, this study investigated the influence of matric suction of infill on the overall joint shear strength. A novel technique that allows direct measurement of matric suction of infill using high capacity tensiometers (HCTs) during direct shear of infilled joints under constant normal stiffness (CNS) is described. The CNS apparatus was modified to accommodate the HCT and the procedure is explained in detail. Joint specimens were simulated by gypsum plaster using three-dimensional (3D) printed surface moulds, and filled with kaolin and sand mixture prepared at different water contents. Shear behaviours of both planar infilled joints and rough joints having joint roughness coefficients (JRCs) of 8–10 and 18–20 with the ratios of infill thickness to asperity height (t/a) equal to 0.5 were investigated. Matric suction shows predominantly unimodal behaviour during shearing of both planar and rough joints, which is closely associated with the variation of unloading rate and volumetric changes of the infill material. As expected, two-peak behaviour was observed for the rough joints and both peaks increased with the increase of infill matric suction. The results suggest that the contribution of matric suction of infill on the joint peak normalised shear stress is relatively independent of the joint roughness. 相似文献
77.
Anton Polotai Julie Voak Jim Henry David Thoss Yi Yang Sanjay Chitale 《International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology》2020,17(2):728-733
The need for electronics to operate at temperatures of 200°C and above continues to grow. These applications include avionics, aerospace, automotive, downhole drilling, mining, and many others. To satisfy this demand, a significant amount of research and development has been conducted. Despite the efforts, the number of new electronic components designed specifically for high-temperature operation is still relatively limited. In Low Temperature Co-fired Ceramic (LTCC) packages, LTCC materials are generally used as the host media for a number of pre-fabricated semiconductor components. As a result, reliability of the entire LTCC package largely depends on the performance of the least robust component. Ferro A6M-E and Ferro L8 are the two well-established and recognized LTCC dielectrics widely used for mid and high frequency LTCC applications, including several high reliability aerospace and defense applications that require demanding Mil-Spec qualifications. This study is our first attempt to characterize and understand basic high-temperature dielectric properties of these two commercial LTCC materials. The secondary objective is to initiate a dialogue in attempt to establish reliability requirements for LTCC packages dedicated for high-temperature operation. 相似文献
78.
《Journal of the European Ceramic Society》2020,40(12):3824-3828
Reactive hot pressing was utilized to synthesize and densify four ZrB2 ceramics with impurity contents low enough to avoid obscuring the effects of dopants on thermal properties. Nominally pure ZrB2 had a thermal conductivity of 141 ± 3 W/m K at 25 °C. Additions of 3 at% of Ti, Y, or Hf decreased the thermal conductivity by 20 %, 30 %, and 40 %, respectively. The thermal conductivity of (Zr,Hf)B2 was similar to ZrB2 synthesized from commercial powders containing the natural abundance of Hf as an impurity. This is the first study to demonstrate that Ti and Y additions decrease the thermal conductivity of ZrB2 ceramics and report intrinsic values for thermal conductivity and electrical resistivity of ZrB2 containing transition metal additions. Previous studies were unable to detect these effects because the natural abundance of Hf present masked the effects of these additions. 相似文献
79.
80.
Electrical Breakdown Properties and Space Charge Formation in High Temperature Region in Ultraviolet Ray Irradiated PVC 下载免费PDF全文
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is the most popular insulating material for electric wiring instruments. However, an exothermic reaction above 150 °C may cause deterioration of the insulating properties of PVC. Therefore, it is important to clarify the heat degradation in PVC, not only to investigate the ignition of electrical wiring products but also to use electrical products safely. It is known that ultraviolet (UV) irradiation causes chemical deterioration of PVC and an increase in its conductivity. Generally, it has been thought that the electrical breakdown properties, electrical conduction, and insulating performance are affected by space charge accumulation in an insulating material. A high temperature pulsed electroacoustic (PEA) system usable up to 250 °C has been developed, and the PEA system can measure the space charge distribution and conduction current in the high temperature range simultaneously. In this investigation, the space charge distribution and conduction current were measured up to electrical breakdown in a non‐UV irradiated sample (normal PVC) and in 353 nm and 253 nm UV‐irradiated PVC samples in the range from room temperature to 200 °C in a DC electric field. In the short wavelength UV irradiated PVC sample (253 nm, 300 h), a deterioration of breakdown strength at 90 °C to 150 °C and negative packet‐like charges were observed at 60 °C and 100 °C, a positive charge accumulated in front of both the anode and cathode above 90 °C, and a higher electric field near the cathode side because the positive charge of the cathode side was greater. 相似文献